.ni-site .ins-mast{display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:auto 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto auto;column-gap:35px;row-gap:16px;padding-top:26px;padding-bottom:24px;align-items:center}.ins-brand-wrap{grid-column:1;grid-row:1/3}.nj-header-corner{grid-column:2;grid-row:1;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;gap:15px;min-width:0}.nj-header-corner .ni-search-row{width:min(360px,65%);padding:0;margin:0;border:0;flex:none;gap:12px}.ni-site .nj-header-corner .ins-inline-search{width:100%!important;flex:1!important}.ni-site .nj-header-corner .search-field{padding:9px 14px;min-height:42px;font-size:14px}.nj-header-corner .ins-menu-toggle{display:none}.ni-site .ins-actions{grid-column:2;grid-row:2;justify-content:flex-end;font-size:18px}.ni-site .ins-actions a,.ni-site .ins-actions .ins-date{font-size:18px!important}.ni-site .ins-navrow{border-top:1px solid #ffffff17}.nj-wordmark{display:inline-flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;color:#f9f6ef!important;padding:4px 0;position:relative}.nj-wordmark-name{font:800 51px/1.35 NJSerif,Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:-.8px;position:relative}.nj-wordmark-name i{display:block;width:34px;height:3px;background:#cbb07f;margin-top:8px}.nj-wordmark small{font:12px/1.6 NJSerif,serif;color:#afa795;margin-top:9px;letter-spacing:.4px}.nj-language{position:relative;color:#d4c3a3;font-size:13px;flex:none}.nj-language summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;padding:9px 11px;border:1px solid #685b45;border-radius:7px;white-space:nowrap}.nj-language-panel{position:absolute;right:0;top:calc(100% + 8px);z-index:100;width:280px;max-height:400px;overflow:auto;background:#fffdf7;color:#393128;padding:18px;border:1px solid #c9b186;border-radius:12px;box-shadow:0 12px 35px #0004;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:9px}.nj-language-panel p,.nj-language-panel small{grid-column:1/-1;font-size:12px;margin:0 0 10px;color:#7b6b54}.nj-language-panel a{padding:5px 8px;background:#f4eee2;border-radius:5px}.nj-upload-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px;margin:25px 0}.nj-submission .nj-upload-card{border:1px dashed #b69b6b;padding:22px;background:#fcf9f1;border-radius:12px;cursor:pointer}.nj-upload-card small{display:block;color:#8d7d65;font-size:12px}.nj-upload-card img{width:100%;max-height:180px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:8px;margin-top:15px}.nj-upload-card img[hidden]{display:none}.nj-upload-card input{font-size:12px!important;padding:8px!important}.nj-payment-methods{border:1px solid #d9cfbf;border-radius:10px;margin:24px 0;padding:18px}.nj-payment-methods legend{font-size:19px;font-weight:600}.nj-payment-methods label{display:flex!important;gap:12px;align-items:center;background:#faf7f0;border:1px solid #e4d9c6;border-radius:7px;padding:14px}.nj-payment-methods input[type=radio]{width:auto!important;display:inline!important;margin:0!important}.nj-payment-methods img{max-width:80px;max-height:25px;margin-left:auto}.nj-autorenew{display:flex!important;align-items:flex-start;gap:12px;font-size:15px!important;background:#f2f7ee;padding:18px;border:1px solid #d4dfc6;border-radius:9px}.nj-autorenew input{width:auto!important;flex:none;display:inline!important;margin-top:5px!important}.nj-payment-unavailable{padding:22px;background:#fff6e7;border:1px solid #e0c58f;border-radius:10px;margin:24px 0;font-size:17px}.nj-payment-unavailable p{font-size:15px}.nj-payment-unavailable a{font-size:14px;color:#985c16;text-decoration:underline}.nj-member-notice{background:#fff6e2;border-left:3px solid #ae7b29;padding:16px!important;font-size:16px!important}.nj-source-box{background:#fcf9f3;border:1px solid #e4d8c1;border-radius:14px;padding:28px 32px;margin:35px 0}.nj-source-box h2{font:600 26px/1.6 NJSerif,serif;margin-bottom:18px}.nj-source-box ol{padding-left:24px;margin:0}.nj-source-box li{padding:10px 0;font:16px/1.9 NJSerif,serif;color:#6f6554;border-bottom:1px solid #eae2d4;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.nj-source-box li:last-child{border:0}.nj-source-box a{color:#9c651e;text-decoration:underline}.nj-source-heading{border-top:2px solid #b49868;background:#f8f2e8;padding:23px 25px 12px;margin-top:38px!important;font-size:26px!important}.nj-source-entry{background:#f8f2e8;padding:8px 25px 20px;font-size:16px!important;line-height:1.9!important}.nj-reading-nudge{position:fixed;bottom:25px;left:25px;width:320px;max-width:calc(100vw - 40px);z-index:98;background:#fffaf0;border:1px solid #cdb382;border-radius:16px;box-shadow:0 12px 45px #3b2d1828;padding:28px;color:#493b26}.nj-reading-nudge[hidden]{display:none!important}.nj-reading-nudge h2{font-size:25px}.nj-reading-nudge p{font:16px/1.8 NJSerif,serif;color:#766851;margin:14px 0}.nj-reading-nudge small{display:block;font-size:10px;margin-top:13px;color:#998b73}.nj-nudge-close{position:absolute;right:9px;top:8px;background:none;border:0;font-size:22px;color:#8c7755}.ni-site .footer-golden .ni-footer-editors{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#292720,#1b1e22);border:1px solid #6d5b3d!important;border-radius:13px;padding:23px!important;box-shadow:0 7px 25px #0002}.ni-footer-editors strong{font-weight:600!important;color:#e5d6b6!important}.ni-footer-editors span{color:#bc9f6b!important;letter-spacing:.4px}.ni-site .footer-golden .footer-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:1.4fr .6fr .8fr 1.1fr 1.1fr!important}.ins-hero .ins-slide:not([hidden]){animation:nj-slide-reveal .5s ease-out}@keyframes nj-slide-reveal{from{opacity:.4;transform:translateX(14px)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.ins-hero .ins-slide:not([hidden]){animation:none}}
@media(max-width:1050px){.nj-wordmark-name{font-size:43px}.nj-header-corner .ni-search-row{width:min(310px,60%)}.ni-site .ins-actions a{padding:9px 12px}.ni-site .footer-golden .footer-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:1.3fr 1fr 1fr!important}}@media(max-width:720px){.ni-site .ins-mast{grid-template-columns:1fr!important;grid-template-rows:auto!important;gap:20px;padding-top:22px}.ins-brand-wrap{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.nj-wordmark-name{font-size:43px}.nj-header-corner{grid-column:1;grid-row:2;justify-content:space-between}.nj-header-corner .ni-search-row{width:calc(100% - 150px)}.ni-site .ins-actions{grid-column:1;grid-row:3;justify-content:flex-start;gap:10px}.ni-site .ins-actions a{font-size:16px!important}.nj-language-panel{width:260px}.nj-upload-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.nj-source-box{padding:23px 20px}.nj-reading-nudge{left:20px;bottom:20px}.ni-site .footer-golden .footer-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr!important}.ni-site .footer-golden .ni-footer-editors{padding:17px!important}.ni-site .ins-navrow{padding-top:12px!important}}

.nj-guest-avatar{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#eee5d5;color:#8d6b32;width:64px;height:64px;border-radius:50%;font-size:25px;flex:none}
/* Editorial refinement — exact reference colour */
.ni-site .ins-header,.ni-site .footer.footer-golden,.ni-site .footer-editorial{background:#004a56!important;color:#f5f0e6!important}.ni-site .ins-topline{background:#004a56!important;border-bottom:1px solid #ffffff24}.ni-site .footer-golden .ni-footer-editors{background:none!important;border:0!important;border-radius:0!important;box-shadow:none!important;padding:0 0 0 20px!important;margin:0!important;border-left:1px solid #ffffff30!important;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:23px}.ni-site .ni-footer-editors strong{color:#fff9ee!important;font-size:21px!important;display:block}.ni-site .ni-footer-editors span{color:#d3c399!important;font-size:15px!important}.ni-site .ins-actions,.ni-site .ins-actions a,.ni-site .ins-actions .ins-date{font-family:NJSerif,'Noto Serif Bengali',Georgia,serif!important}.ni-site .footer-description p{font-size:17px!important;line-height:2!important;text-align:justify!important;text-justify:inter-word;color:#e0e7e5!important}.ni-site .footer-column a,.ni-site .footer-column address{font:16px/1.95 NJSerif,'Noto Serif Bengali',serif!important;color:#dce7e5!important}.ni-site .footer-column h2{font:600 22px/1.6 NJSerif,serif;color:#fff8e8!important}.ni-site .ni-footer-mast{align-items:flex-start!important;gap:12px}.ni-site .footer-brand{margin:0!important;padding:0!important;text-align:left!important}.ni-site .ni-footer-mast>span{color:#d3dfdd!important}.nj-wordmark-editorial{align-items:flex-start!important;gap:6px;padding:0!important;min-width:245px}.nj-wordmark-editorial .nj-wordmark-top{font:12px/1.7 NJSerif,serif;color:#c2d9d6;letter-spacing:.15px}.nj-wordmark-editorial .nj-wordmark-name{font:800 57px/1.3 NJSerif,'Noto Serif Bengali',serif;letter-spacing:-1.3px;color:#fff8e8;text-shadow:0 2px 0 #00343e}.nj-wordmark-rule{width:100%;height:3px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#d5ba79 0 22%,#d5ba7945 22% 100%);margin-top:5px}.nj-language-switch{display:flex;gap:9px;align-items:center;border:1px solid #aac1b875;padding:8px 13px;border-radius:3px;white-space:nowrap;color:#fff8e8;font:14px/1.6 NJSerif,serif}.nj-language-switch>span{color:#cdb984;border-right:1px solid #ffffff40;padding-right:9px}.nj-language-switch:hover{background:#ffffff14}.ni-site .nj-plan-choose{width:100%;display:block;margin-top:25px;text-align:center}.nj-plan-step{font-size:12px!important;color:#7d735f;margin:14px 0 0}.nj-checkout-explainer{border-top:1px solid #d9ccaf;padding:28px 0;margin-top:30px}.nj-checkout-explainer h2{font-size:25px}.nj-checkout-explainer p{font-size:17px;line-height:1.9}.nj-source-box{border-radius:0!important;border:0!important;border-top:2px solid #b79b5d!important;border-bottom:1px solid #d8cdb9!important;background:#f7f5ee!important}.nj-source-box h2{color:#004a56}.ni-site .ins-hero [data-ins-slide][hidden],.ni-site [data-header-slide][hidden]{display:none!important}
@media(max-width:720px){.nj-wordmark-editorial .nj-wordmark-name{font-size:48px}.nj-wordmark-editorial{min-width:220px}.nj-header-corner .ni-search-row{width:calc(100% - 130px)}.ni-site .footer-golden .ni-footer-editors{padding-left:0!important;border-left:0!important}.ni-site .footer-golden .footer-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr!important}.ni-site .ins-actions a,.ni-site .ins-actions .ins-date{font-size:17px!important}.ni-site .footer-description p{font-size:17px!important}}

.ni-site .footer-editorial-grid>.footer-column{padding-top:0!important}.ni-site .ni-footer-editors strong{font-size:22px!important}.ni-site .footer-editorial-grid{align-items:start!important}
/* Research journal edition */
.ni-site .ins-header,.ni-site .ins-topline,.ni-site .footer.footer-golden,.ni-site .footer-editorial{background:#000!important;color:#fff!important}.ni-site .ins-header a,.ni-site .ins-date,.ni-site .ins-topline,.ni-site .footer p,.ni-site .footer a,.ni-site .footer address,.ni-site .footer span,.ni-site .footer strong,.ni-site .footer h2{color:#fff!important}.ni-site .ins-actions a{background:transparent!important;border:1px solid #ffffff55!important;border-radius:3px!important}.ni-site .ins-actions .ni-subscribe-link{font-size:20px!important;padding:10px 19px!important;background:#171717!important}.ni-site .ni-subscribe-link span{display:none!important}.ni-site .ins-actions .support{background:#141414!important}.ni-site .nj-wordmark-editorial{gap:0;min-width:260px;border-left:3px solid #ccab5f;padding-left:17px!important}.nj-wordmark-edition{font:10px/2 Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:2px;color:#d4b66e}.ni-site .nj-wordmark-editorial .nj-wordmark-name{font-size:56px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-1px;line-height:1.35;text-shadow:none;color:#fff!important}.nj-wordmark-point{color:#d4b66e!important;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:48px;margin-left:4px}.ni-site .nj-wordmark-top{color:#fff!important;font-size:12px;margin-top:4px}.nj-wordmark-rule{display:none}.nj-imprint-heading{font:600 19px/1.7 NJSerif,serif;margin:0 0 22px;border-bottom:1px solid #ffffff50;padding-bottom:10px}.ni-site .footer-golden .ni-footer-editors{padding:0!important;border:0!important;border-top:2px solid #fff!important;gap:22px;padding-top:18px!important;position:relative}.ni-site .ni-footer-editors div{padding:0!important}.ni-site .ni-footer-editors span{font-size:13px!important;letter-spacing:0;display:block}.ni-site .ni-footer-editors strong{font-size:19px!important;line-height:1.85!important;font-weight:500!important}.ni-site .ni-footer-editors i{display:block;font-size:12px;padding:0!important;color:#fff!important}.nj-subscription-hero{text-align:center;margin:0 calc(-1 * max(0px,(100vw - 1180px)/2)) 50px;padding:60px 28px 50px;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% 0%,#43320b 0%,#12110c 38%,#090909 75%);color:#fff}.nj-offer-label{display:inline-block;color:#e1b92f;border:1px solid #8b6a13;border-radius:30px;background:#5a430c55;font-size:18px;padding:6px 24px;margin-bottom:22px}.nj-subscription-hero h1{font:700 clamp(34px,4.4vw,64px)/1.55 NJSerif,serif;max-width:1250px;margin:0 auto 20px;letter-spacing:-.7px;color:#fff}.nj-subscription-hero h1 em{font-style:normal;background:linear-gradient(90deg,#ffc321,#ffe29b);color:transparent;background-clip:text}.nj-subscription-hero p{max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto;color:#ddd;font:19px/1.85 NJSerif,serif}.nj-hero-plan-link{display:inline-block;color:#f0ca64;border-bottom:1px solid #b3903d;margin-top:22px;font-size:15px}.nj-subscription-hero+.nj-plans{scroll-margin-top:25px}.nj-billing-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:14px}.nj-billing-grid label:first-child{grid-column:1/-1}.nj-billing-grid select{width:100%;padding:12px;border:1px solid #d8cfbd;background:#fff;border-radius:5px;font-size:16px}.nj-payment-scope{font-size:13px!important;color:#776b56}.nj-ad-invitation{position:fixed;right:24px;bottom:105px;width:345px;max-width:calc(100vw - 40px);padding:26px;background:#0b0b0b;border:1px solid #b89a51;color:#fff;z-index:97;box-shadow:0 14px 45px #0004}.nj-ad-invitation[hidden]{display:none!important}.nj-ad-dismiss{position:absolute;right:8px;top:5px;background:none;border:0;color:#fff;font-size:24px;cursor:pointer}.nj-ad-kicker{font:13px/1.7 NJSerif,serif;color:#e2c379}.nj-ad-kicker i{display:inline-block;width:7px;height:7px;background:#e6c25c;border-radius:50%;margin-right:7px;animation:nj-ad-glow 1.7s ease-in-out 3}.nj-ad-invitation h2{font:600 23px/1.7 NJSerif,serif;color:#fff;margin:12px 0}.nj-ad-invitation p{font:15px/1.8 NJSerif,serif;color:#ddd;margin:10px 0 18px}.nj-ad-invitation>a{display:block;border-top:1px solid #65532f;padding-top:14px;font-size:14px;color:#e6c579}.nj-advertise-page h1{font:600 clamp(32px,4vw,54px)/1.6 NJSerif,serif;color:#171717}.nj-ad-lead{font:20px/1.9 NJSerif,serif;max-width:800px}.nj-ad-types{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px;margin:40px 0}.nj-ad-types section{padding:25px;border:1px solid #dfd5bf;background:#faf7ef}.nj-ad-types span{color:#a17e35;font:23px/1.4 Georgia,serif}.nj-ad-types h2{font-size:24px}.nj-ad-types p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.9}.nj-ad-contact{padding:30px;border-top:2px solid #b39854;border-bottom:1px solid #d9cdb4;margin:25px 0}.nj-ad-contact .nj-button{display:inline-block;background:#151515;color:#fff;padding:12px 20px}.nj-ad-direct-email{display:block;margin:18px 0;font-size:18px}.nj-chat-assistant{white-space:pre-wrap}.nj-chat-assistant a{color:#8d662a;text-decoration:underline;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.nj-reading-nudge .nj-button{display:inline-block;background:#151515;color:#fff;padding:9px 16px}
@keyframes nj-ad-glow{0%,100%{opacity:1;box-shadow:0 0 0 0 #e6c25c00}50%{opacity:.4;box-shadow:0 0 0 6px #e6c25c22}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.nj-ad-kicker i{animation:none}}@media(max-width:720px){.ni-site .ins-actions .ni-subscribe-link{font-size:19px!important}.ni-site .nj-wordmark-editorial .nj-wordmark-name{font-size:47px}.nj-subscription-hero{margin:0 -20px 30px;padding:40px 22px}.nj-subscription-hero p{font-size:17px}.nj-offer-label{font-size:15px}.nj-ad-types{grid-template-columns:1fr}.nj-ad-invitation{right:20px;bottom:90px}.nj-billing-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.nj-billing-grid label:first-child{grid-column:auto}}
.nj-membership:has(.nj-subscription-hero){padding-top:0}.nj-subscription-hero{margin-inline:min(-24px,calc((1380px - 100vw)/2))}.ni-site .nj-subscription-hero h1{font-size:clamp(34px,4.4vw,64px);line-height:1.55;color:#fff}.ni-site .nj-subscription-hero p{color:#ddd;font-size:19px}.nj-subscription-hero .nj-hero-plan-link{color:#f0ca64}
.ni-site .ins-header .ins-actions a.ni-subscribe-link{color:#fff!important;-webkit-text-fill-color:#fff!important}
.nj-ad-invitation{bottom:170px}@media(max-width:720px){.nj-ad-invitation{bottom:155px}}